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Anat Cell Biol 2020; 53(3): 301-312
Published online September 30, 2020
https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.20.055
Copyright © Korean Association of ANATOMISTS.
Gastroprotective effects of nebivolol and simvastatin against cold restraint stress-induced gastric ulcer in rats
Samaa Samir Kamar1 
, Noha Samir Abdel Latif2 , Mohamed Fathi Mohamed Elrefai3,4 , Shaimaa Nasr Amin3,5
1Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt, 2Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt, 3Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Hashemite University, Zarqaa, Jordan, 4Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, 5Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
Correspondence to:Shaimaa Nasr Amin
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Hashemite University, Zarqaa 13133, Jordan Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11451, Egypt
E-mail: shaimaa599@yahoo.com
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Gastric ulcer is one of the most serious diseases. Nebivolol (Neb), a β1-blocker, exhibits vasodilator and anti-oxidative properties, simvastatin (Sim) antihyperlipidemic drug, exhibits anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory properties and promote endogenous nitric oxide (NO) production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the gastroprotective effects of Neb and Sim against cold restraint stress (CRS)-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Rats were restrained, and maintained at 4°C for 3 hours. Animals were divided into six groups; control group, CRS group, and four treatment groups received ranitidine (Ran), Neb, Sim and both Neb and Sim. Treatments were given orally on a daily basis for 7 days prior to CRS. The gastroprotective effects of Neb and Sim were assessed biochemically by measuring variations in prostaglandins E2, NO, reduced glutathione and malondialdehyde, and functionally by estimating force of contractions of isolated rat fundus in the studied groups in response to acetylecholine stimulation and morphologically using hematoxylin and eosin staining, periodic acid Schiff’s reaction and immunohistochemistry for cyclooxygenase 2 in gastric mucosa. CRS caused significant ulcerogenic effect. Alternatively, pretreatment with Ran, Neb, and Sim significantly corrected biochemical findings, pharmacological and histological studies.
Keywords: Gastric ulcer, Cold restraint stress, Ranitidine, Nebivolol, Simvastatin
