Fig. 3. Cadaveric dissection of the left skull base and opening of the jugular foramen and hypoglossal canal. Note the laryngopharyngeal branch (white arrows) of the superior cervical ganglion (SCG). The IX-XI and XII cranial nerves are seen. Distally, the pharyngeal branch of the IX cranial nerve is shown at the blue arrow and the pharyngeal branch of the X cranial nerve at the yellow arrow. VA, vertebral artery (cadaveric dissection from Tulane University).
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