Anatomy & Cell Biology

Table 1

Study characteristics of Gantzer’s muscle

Reference	Year	Prevalence (%)	95% confidence interval	ahFPL/ahFDP	No. and ethnicity of sample	Risk of bias
Adachi [53]^a)	1910	63	54–70	84	134 Asian Mongoloid	Unclear
Afroze et al. [18]	2020	24	14–38	12	50 Asian Caucasian	High
al-Qattan [15]	1996	52	33–70	13	25 Asian Caucasian	Low
Bagoji et al. [16]	2017	29	19–42	17	58 Asian Caucasian	Moderate
Bajpe et al. [17]	2015	24	14–38	12	50 Asian Caucasian	High
Ballesteros et al. [19]	2019	32	24–42	34	106 South American	Low
Bando [53]^a)	1956	64	59–69	217	340 Asian Mongoloid	Unclear
Bangarayya et al. [20]	2018	40	24–58	12	30 Asian Caucasian	Moderate
Bilecenoglu et al. [21]	2005	20	9–38	6	30 Asian Caucasian	Low
Burute and Vatsalaswamy [22]	2017	36	29–44	56	156 Asian Caucasian	High
Caetano et al. [23]	2015	68	57–77	54	80 South American	Low
Chakravarthi et al. [24]	2014	72	59–83	39	54 Asian Caucasian	Moderate
Dubois de Monto-Marin et al. [55]	2021	11	4–26	4	36 European Caucasian	Moderate
Dellon and Mackinnon [25]	1987	33	20–48	14	43 North American	Low
Desai et al. [26]	2017	58	46–70	35	60 Asian Caucasian	High
Dolderer et al. [27]	2011	26	11–50	5	19 European Caucasian	Low
Dykes and Anson [28]	1944	53	45–61	80	150 North American	Moderate
El Domiaty et al. [8]	2008	62	47–75	26	42 African	Low
Gunnal et al. [29]	2013	51	44–58	92	180 Asian Caucasian	Moderate
Hemmady et al. [30]	1993	67	53–78	36	54 Asian Caucasian	Low
Herrold et al. [31]	2020	55	49–60	148	271 South American	High
Inoue [53]^a)	1934	71	61–79	71	100 Asian Mongoloid	Unclear
Jones et al. [3]	1997	45	34–56	36	80 European Caucasian	Low
Kara et al. [32] (adult)	2012	38	26–52	20	52 Asian Caucasian	Low
Kara et al. [32] (fetal)	2012	32	23–43	29	90 Asian Caucasian	Low
Khade et al. [33]	2020	53	36–70	16	30 Asian Caucasian	Moderate
Kida [34]	1988	62	54–70	82	132 Asian Mongoloid	Low
Kudo and Obata [53]^a)	1957	55	48–61	118	216 Asian Mongoloid	Low
Kumari et al. [35]	2017	42	29–56	20	48 Asian Caucasian	Moderate
Le Double and Berry [36]	1897	33	28–39	100	300 European Caucasian	Moderate
Loth [53]^a)	1912	89	78–95	50	56 African	Low
Mahakkanukrauh et al. [37]	2004	62	56–68	149	240 Asian Mongoloid	Moderate
Malhotra et al. [38]	1982	54	48–60	130	240 North American	Moderate
Mangini [10]	1960	74	63–82	56	76 North American	Low
Matsunaga et al. [39]	2000	35	27–43	50	144 Asian Mongoloid	Low
Mohammed [9]	2018	64	52–76	38	59 African	Low
Mori [41]	1964	50	43–57	103	205 Asian Mongoloid	Low
Mustafa et al. [40]	2016	45	25–66	9	20 Asian Caucasian	Moderate
Oh et al. [51]	2000	67	55–77	48	72 Asian Mongoloid	Moderate
Oliveira et al. [11]	2021	50	34–66	17	34 South American	Low
Pai et al. [12]	2008	46	38–55	58	126 Asian Caucasian	Low
Philip and Dakshayani [13]	2018	22	13–36	11	50 Asian Caucasian	Moderate
Ravi Prasanna et al. [42]	2019	36	24–50	18	50 Asian Caucasian	High
Riveros et al. [43]	2015	10	3–27	3	30 South American	Moderate
Sano [53]^a)	1931	70	38–90	7	10 Asian Mongoloid	Unclear
Sato [44]	1969	25	22–29	151	604 Asian Mongoloid	Moderate
Sekizawa [53]^a)	1960	54	43–64	45	84 Asian Mongoloid	Unclear
Sharma et al. [45]	2008	40	28–53	24	60 Asian Caucasian	Moderate
Shayo et al. [46]	2015	42	30–54	26	62 Asian Caucasian	Low
Shirali et al. [47]	1998	55	42–67	33	60 North American	Moderate
Tamang et al. [48]	2013	25	16–37	15	60 Asian Caucasian	High
Tomizawa [53]	1986	54	35–73	13	24 Asian Mongoloid	Moderate
Tubbs et al. [49]	2006	20	8–43	4	20 North American	Low
Uyaroglu et al. [50]	2006	52	39–65	27	52 Asian Caucasian	Moderate
Wagenseil [54]	1936	73	65–79	103	142 Asian Mongoloid	Moderate
Wagenseil [54]	1936	55	47–62	82	150 European Caucasian	Moderate
Wood [14]	1868	61	49–72	44	72 European Caucasian	Low
Yang et al. [4]	2017	48	37–59	35	73 Asian Mongoloid	Moderate
Yu et al. [52]	2018	58	31–82	7	12 Asian Mongoloid	Moderate
Pooled weighted prevalence		48	44–52	2,844	5,903 random effect model
Bando [53]a)	1956	25	21–30	86b)	340 Asian Mongoloid	Moderate
El Domiaty et al. [8]	2008	14	7–28	6b)	42 African	Unclear
Inoue [53]a)	1934	29	21–39	29b)	100 Asian Mongoloid	Unclear
Jones et al. [3]	1997	18	11–27	14b)	80 European Caucasian	Low
Kudo and Obata [53]a)	1957	20	16–26	44b)	216 Asian Mongoloid	Low
Mohammed [9]	2018	5	2–15	3b)	59 African	Low
Mangini [10]	1960	3	1–10	2b)	76 North American	Low
Oliveira et al. [11]	2021	3	0–18	1b)	34 South American	low
Pai et al. [12]	2008	14	9–22	18b)	126 Asian Caucasians	Low
Philip and Dakshayani [13]	2018	22	13–36	11b)	50 Asian Caucasians	Moderate
Sano [53]a)	1930	23	14–36	13b)	56 Asian Mongoloid	Unclear
Sekizawa [53]a)	1960	21	14–31	18b)	84 Asian Mongoloid	Unclear
Wagenseil [54]	1936	26	20–34	37b)	142 Asian Mongoloid	Moderate
Wagenseil [54]	1936	10	6–16	15b)	150 European Caucasian	Moderate
Wood [14]	1868	7	3–16	5b)	72 European Caucasian	Low
Pooled weighted prevalence		17	13–21	302b)	1,627 random effect model

ahFPL, accessory head of flexor pollicis longus; ahFDP, accessory head of flexor digitorum profundus. ^a)Secondary reference was used because the data collected from secondary reference due to inaccessibility of original manuscript. ^b)ahFDP.

Anat Cell Biol 2022;55:3~13 https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.21.141